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Formal Ontology

Applications of upper level ontologies

Formal ontology as a template to create novel specific domain ontologies Having a formal ontology at your disposal, especially when it consists of a Formal upper layer enriched with concrete domain-independent 'middle layer' concepts, can really aid the creation of a domain…

#formal-ontology #natural-language-processing #domain-specific-ontology #ontology

Hamlet On The Holodeck

The invention of eliza

In 1966, Joseph Weizenbaum, a professor of computer science at MIT, create, as an experiment in natural language processing, a computer program called ELIZA that carried on a conversation by replying to typed-in statements with printed words. [...] The resulting persona, Eliza…

#machine #computer-program #natural-language-processing #computer-science

Introducing Artificial Intelligence (Henry Brighton and Howard Selina)

The early failure of machine translation

In 1963, after spending $20 million on research into machine translation, the US funding agency concluded: “There is no immediate or predictable prospect of useful machine translation” – National Academy of Sciences National Research Council, 1963. Faced with a hard problem, AI…

#natural-language-processing #artificial-intelligence #language #history