Live Coding now features in invited themes and programmes of major international conferences and festivals, and features several research subtopics; perception and action in time (Sorensen and Gardner, 2010), visual representation in/of live code (McLean et al., 2010), intra-programmer interaction through live code (Rohrhuber et al., 2007), issues of programmer creativity (McLean and Wiggins, in press), and live coding without computers, where dancers execute the code (Collins, 2011). This research is based upon well-established paradigms of computer science and music research, but Live Coding has brought unique focus motivating the invention of new programming environments and notations (e.g. ChucK, Fluxus, Impromptu, IXI lang, Overtone andTidal).